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Gerba LETA, Steffen SCHULZ, Girum GETACHEW ALEMU
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第4期 页码 427-439 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020331
Agricultural extension is an approach to rural development and agricultural transformation in which training, demonstration and technology transfer are key to reducing rural poverty, ensuring food security, and sustainably managing natural resources. During recent decades, different extension approaches have been tested and validated by the Ethiopian government and non-governmental organizations to stimulate in the agricultural extension system (AES). The most recent was a German-funded project entitled “Integrated Soil Fertility Management Project” (ISFM ), which employed a novel approach to piloting and upscaling proven technology and best practice. The purpose of this study was to analyze and document the modalities of ISFM and illustrate its effects on technology uptake and dissemination. The study used a mixed methods approach to collect data. ATLAS.ti and SPSS were used for data management and analysis. Farmer Research and Extension Groups and Farmer Field Schools were found to be central to the participation process. Also, the ISFM was found to aid technology transfer and helped to increase grain and residue yields as well as farmer livelihoods. Based on these empirical findings, it is argued that the ISFM approach and technology should be integrated and institutionalized in the mainstream AES in order to promote their extensive application.
关键词: Ethiopia Farmer Field School Farmer Research and Extension Group governance institutionalization ISFM+ ambassador participation
SOIL CARBON CHECK: A TOOL FOR MONITORING AND GUIDING SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN FARMER FIELDS
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第2期 页码 248-261 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023499
● Establishment of a rapid tool for monitoring soil carbon sequestration in farmer fields.
关键词: 4 per 1000 initiative carbon sequestration climate action farmer fields SDG13 soil organic carbon soil testing
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第1期 页码 135-148 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022464
● The choice of a modern agriculture project was found to be rational for professional farmers to reduce interference from non-market factors. The success of this project is due to its capacity to successfully fill the structural hole in the market transaction network.
关键词: Benefit-linked mechanism featured agriculture organizational integration professional farmers rural cooperative structural hole theory
Russian school of the theory and geometry of gearing: Its origin and golden period (1935 --1975)
Dmitry BABICHEV,Sergey LAGUTIN,Natalya BARMINA
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第11卷 第1期 页码 44-59 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0360-z
During the second half of the twentieth century, Soviet scientists were among the world leaders in the theory and geometry of gearing or the theoretical fundamentals of designing gears and gear-cutting tools. The authors of the current paper review works related to the development of the theory of gearing (TG) written in Russian from the mid-1930s to the present. Overall, the review covers more than 400 publications of nearly 200 authors (among more than 1000 studied works). This review involves some works on gear strength and accuracy to attract more experts.
This paper presents a short list of works from the seventeenth century to the nineteenth century and discusses the basic concepts of the TG. This paper also includes a review of more than 160 papers in Russian for the period of 1935–1975, which is the “golden age” of the TG. The main features and achievements during this period are also considered.
The distinctive feature of this review is the use of diagrams that visually present TG experts and the dates and themes of their published works. The diagrams also show the following aspects: 1) The most popular and important themes in a specific period, 2) the most important publications on the themes of interest to readers, and 3) the direction of the works and scope of interests of every researcher.
关键词: theory of gearing (TG) gear geometry generating surface gear synthesis gear analysis
AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT IN THE ERHAI LAKE BASIN—THE WAY FORWARD
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第4期 页码 510-517 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023524
Pollution of high-altitude lake basins by agriculture and rural activities, and the control of this pollution, have received increasing attention from academic research and government policy in China. Series of restrictions and regulations have been implemented to protect the surface water quality. These restrictions and regulations have greatly impacted and transformed the agricultural systems and rural livelihoods surrounding these lake basins. Using Erhai Lake basin in Yunnan Province as a case study, three main challenges were identified for concurrently decreasing pollution in the lake and increasing farmer income. It is contended that scientifically-sound environmental protection policies and agricultural green development practices are key to reversing the current situation. This will help to protect the lake from pollution while smallholder farmers will be able to produce healthy food in an environmentally sustainable manner, and with a fair remuneration for all the services farmers provide to the society.
关键词: agriculture farmer income nitrogen phosphorus water pollution
周晶,青平
《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第5期 页码 60-66 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.05.019
提高国产农机装备质量是我国农机制造由大到强的必要条件。本文在总结我国农机装备制造业发展现状和存在问题的基础上,突出实证研究,利用来自华中地区的农户调查数据,从硬件质量、适用性和操作便利性、作业效果三方面考察农户对国产农机装备质量的主观评价。结果显示,农机户对国产大中型农机装备钢材质量、发动机质量、耗油量和故障频率的满意度显著低于非国产品牌;不足一半的农机户对国内外大中型农机装备地块匹配度、驾驶员匹配度、遮阳挡雨效果持满意态度;农户对国产农机装备作业速度、作业无遗漏、节省要素的满意度偏低。立足现状、着眼长远,提出组建关键零部件克难攻坚“国家队”、搭建以企业为主体的长效技术创新体系、抢抓智能化和绿色化农机装备研发、重构高等院校农机学科体系等对策建议。
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第1期 页码 91-100 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0428-0
Preventive medicine has been incorporated in the medical school curriculum, but its effectiveness and the factors that affect it are yet to be widely looked into in the context of Malaysia. We aimed to measure the familiarity with, perception about the importance to learn, and the ability to practice preventive medicine as well as its determinants among the medical students in Malaysia. Thus, a cross sectional study was conducted through an anonymous online survey among 387 randomly selected final year medical students of four large public medical schools in Malaysia from March to September 2014. Of the total sample, only 340 (response rate 87.8%) gave a written informed consent and took part in the survey. The familiarity of the sample with preventive medicine was measured in 19 preventive medicine areas, and their perception about the importance of preventive medicine and their ability to practice it were gauged on a Likert scale (low score indicates disagreement and high indicates agreement). Descriptive statistical analysis was performed, followed by logistic regression. The mean age of the respondents was 23.7 (SD 0.77) years, and 61.2% (n = 208) of them were females. Results showed that 22.9% of the sample (n= 78) had a low familiarity with preventive medicine, whereas 76.8% (n = 261) had a high familiarity. The study sample specified that among all the preventive medicine subjects, screening and control as well as smoking cessation and immunization are “extremely important to learn.” In univariable analysis, being a female, medical school, family size, and perception about the importance to learn preventive medicine were associated with the ability to practice it. In multivariable analysis, the perception towards the importance to learn preventive medicine was the only significant determinant: aOR (adjusted odds ratio) for those who “agreed” 17.28 (95% CI aOR 4.44 – 67.26, P<0.001) and for “strongly agreed” 35.87 (95% CI aOR 8.04 – 159.87, P<0.001). Considering these findings, the familiarity of medical students with preventive medicine should be increased. The perception about the importance to learn preventive medicine is a strong determinant for the ability to practice it.
刘人怀,孙东川,孙凯
《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第8期 页码 18-23
探讨了管理领域的一些基本概念与基本问题,明确提出4条定义:a.管理活动是人类的第二类活动,它为第一类活动(作业活动)提供服务;b.组织的管理活动称为管理工作,这是组织中的一大类工作;c.组织委派某些人员专门从事管理工作,这些人员就成为管理工作者;d.管理科学是研究管理活动规律与做好管理工作的全部知识的总和,是一个内容丰富的知识体系。鉴于管理与管理科学这两个术语的中英文含义差别比较大,造成中国学术界在管理科学研究中的歧义和混乱,笔者梳理出3点建议。
Recent progress in electric-field assisted combustion: a brief review
《能源前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 页码 883-899 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0770-z
关键词: electric field combustion flame stabilization emission reduction flame propagation
A MATLAB code for the material-field series-expansion topology optimization method
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第16卷 第3期 页码 607-622 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0637-3
关键词: MATLAB implementation topology optimization material-field series-expansion method bounded material field dimensionality reduction
Field test on temperature field and thermal stress for prestressed concrete box-girder bridge
Baoguo CHEN, Rui DING, Junjie ZHENG, Shibiao ZHANG
《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第2期 页码 158-164 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0002-9
关键词: box-girder bridge field test hydration heat temperature field temperature gradient thermal stress
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第18卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0744-9
关键词: difficult-to-machine metal material green machining high-speed dry milling laser energy field-assisted milling ultrasonic energy field-assisted milling cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication energy field-assisted milling
Temperature field simulation of laser homogenizing equipment
Juanjuan WANG, Yunshan WANG, Fudong ZHU
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第4卷 第1期 页码 49-52 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0005-1
关键词: laser homogenizing technology laser scanning ring facula temperature field
Sulige Gas Field super project
Wenrui HU, Jingwei BAO, Pengcheng JI
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2017年 第4卷 第3期 页码 379-384 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017107
The influencing factors of the WTP for the risk reduction of chemical industry accidents in China
Lei HUANG, Zhijuan SHAO, Weiliang BAO, Bailing DUAN, Jun BI, Zengwei YUAN
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第6期 页码 860-868 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0467-y
关键词: risk perception willingness to pay contingent valuation method risk management school of the environment
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Agricultural extension approach: evidence from an Integrated Soil Fertility Management Project in Ethiopia
Gerba LETA, Steffen SCHULZ, Girum GETACHEW ALEMU
期刊论文
SOIL CARBON CHECK: A TOOL FOR MONITORING AND GUIDING SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN FARMER FIELDS
期刊论文
ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITY, VALUE EVOLUTION, AND ORGANIZATIONAL INTEGRATION OF PROFESSIONAL FARMER ENTREPRENEURSHIP
期刊论文
Russian school of the theory and geometry of gearing: Its origin and golden period (1935 --1975)
Dmitry BABICHEV,Sergey LAGUTIN,Natalya BARMINA
期刊论文
Effectiveness of preventive medicine education and its determinants among medical students in Malaysia
null
期刊论文
Field test on temperature field and thermal stress for prestressed concrete box-girder bridge
Baoguo CHEN, Rui DING, Junjie ZHENG, Shibiao ZHANG
期刊论文
Energy field-assisted high-speed dry milling green machining technology for difficult-to-machine metal
期刊论文
Temperature field simulation of laser homogenizing equipment
Juanjuan WANG, Yunshan WANG, Fudong ZHU
期刊论文